The event rider’s simple test improves coordination, collection and sharpness in horses of all types and ages
Distance learning: does teaching riders remotely work? *H&H Plus*
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Is remote training over video call the way forward, or is it putting horses and riders at risk? Ellie Hughes investigates
Top of Pammy Hutton’s list of pandemic achievements, she reveals, is training Trinidad-based rider Michelle Sabga-Aboud from advanced medium to grand prix in six months – all via Zoom. Thanks to modern technology the Bristol University student, who had been riding at Talland while studying in the UK, has been able to continue progressing under Pammy’s expert eye since being locked down in the Caribbean.
Twelve months ago the idea that you could be perfecting your piaffe more than 4,000 miles away from the person telling you how to do it would have been unthinkable, but events of the past year have made us look anew at everything, including how we train our horses and stay motivated.
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"}
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